Bearing is a mechanical transmission in the process of lifting fixed and reduce the friction coefficient of the components. In the contemporary mechanical equipment has a decisive position. Its main function is to support the mechanical rotating body to reduce the friction coefficient of mechanical load in the transmission process. Bearings can be divided into rolling bearings and sliding bearings. Today we are going to talk about rolling bearings in detail.
Rolling bearings are precision mechanical components that change sliding friction between running shafts and shafts into rolling friction, thereby reducing friction losses. The rolling bearing generally consists of four parts: inner ring, outer ring, rolling body, and cage. The outer ring works with the bearing pedestal and supports it. The rolling body distributes the rolling body between inner and outer rings by means of the retainer, and its shape size and quantity directly affect the service performance and life of the rolling bearing. The holding rack can make the rolling body uniformly distributed, prevent the rolling body from falling off, and guide the rolling body to rotate for lubrication.
1. Specialization
Bearing parts processing, a large number of special equipment for bearings. If steel ball processing USES grinding ball machine, grinding machine and other equipment. The characteristics of specialization are also reflected in the production of bearing parts, such as the steel ball company specializing in the production of steel balls, specialized in the production of miniature bearing factories.
2. Advanced
Because of the large-scale requirement of bearing production, it is possible to use advanced machine tools, tooling, and technology. Such as CNC machine tools, three-jaw floating chuck, and protective atmosphere heat treatment.
3. The automation
The specialization of bearing production provides conditions for its production automation. In the production of a large number of automatic, semi-automatic special and non-special machine tools, and the production of automatic line gradually promotion and application. Such as heat treatment automatic line and assembly automatic line.
Sort by structure type
According to the structure of rolling body and ring, it can be divided into:
Deep groove ball bearing, needle roller bearing, angular contact bearing, aligning ball bearing, aligning roller bearing, thrust ball bearing, thrust center roller bearing, cylindrical roller bearing, taper roller bearing, outer ball bearing of belt seat, etc.
The deep groove ball bearing is a kind of bearing with simple structure and convenient use. It mainly USES one to bear the radial load, also can bear the certain axial load. When the radial clearance of bearing increases, it has the function of Angle contact bearing and can bear a large axial load. Used in automobile, tractor, machine, motor, water pump, agricultural machinery, textile machinery, etc.
The needle roller bearing is equipped with a thin and long roller (the length of the roller is 3-10 times the diameter, and the diameter is generally not greater than 5mm). Therefore, the radial structure is compact. Its inner diameter and load capacity are the same as other types of bearings, and the outer diameter is the minimum. According to the use of different occasions, can be used without the inner ring of the bearing or needle roller and cage components, at this time to suit the bearing surface of the shaft neck and the shell hole directly as a bearing surface. The rolling surface, to keep the load capacity and operating performance and you have the same ring bearing, axis, or shell hole hardness on the surface of the raceway. The machining accuracy and surface and surface quality should be as a bearing ring raceway. This bearing can only bear radial load. For example universal joint shaft, hydraulic pump, sheet mill, drill, machine gearbox, automobile, and tractor transmission.
The angular contact ball bearing has a higher limit speed, which can bear both longitudinal load and axial load at the same time, as well as pure axial load. Its axial load capacity is determined by the contact Angle and increases with the increase of contact Angle. Mainly used for: oil pump, air compressor, various transmission, fuel injection pump, printing machinery.
4. Aligning ball bearing
The aligning ball bearing has two rows of steel balls, the inner ring has two raceways, the outer ring raceways are inner spherical shape, with the performance of automatic centering. The coaxiality error due to shaft winding and shell deformation can be automatically compensated, which is suitable for the parts whose supporting bore cannot guarantee strict coaxiality. The bearing mainly bears the radial load, while bearing radial load, it can also bear a small amount of axial load. Generally, it is not used for bearing pure axial load, for example, bearing pure axial load, only one column of steel ball is subjected to force. Mainly used in the united harvester and other agricultural machinery, blower, paper machine, textile machinery, woodworking machinery, bridge crane wheel, and transmission shaft.
5. Aligning roller bearing
The aligning roller bearing bar has two rows of rollers, which are mainly used to bear radial loads, and can also bear axial loads in either direction. This type of bearing has high radial load capacity and is especially suitable for working under heavy load or vibration load, but cannot bear pure axial load. Good centering performance can compensate for bearing error. Main applications: paper-making machinery, reduction gear, railway axle, gearbox seat of rolling mill, crusher, various industrial reduction gear, etc.
The thrust ball bearing is a separate type of bearing, the "seat ring" of the shaft ring can be separated from the assembly of the retainer ball. The shaft ring is a ring that is matched with the shaft, and the seat ring is a ring that is matched with the bearing seat bore, and there is a gap between the shaft and the shaft. Thrust ball bearings can only pump manual axial load, one-way thrust ball bearings can only bear the axial load of one room, and two-way thrust ball bearings can bear the axial load of two directions. Thrust ball can not limit the longitudinal direction of the shaft is to move, the limit speed is very low. The unidirectional thrust ball bearing can limit the axial displacement of the shaft and housing in one direction, and the bidirectional bearing can limit the axial displacement in two directions. Mainly used in the automobile steering mechanism, machine tool spindle.
Thrust roller bearings are used for axial loads which are predominant. Longitudinal combined loads, however, may not exceed 55% of the axial load. Compared with other thrust roller bearings, this bearing has a lower friction factor, higher rotating speed, and the ability to centering. The rollers of the 29000 type bearings are asymmetric spherical rollers, which can reduce the relative sliding of the stick and raceway in operation and the length of the rollers. Large diameter, a large number of rollers, and large load capacity are usually lubricated by oil. When designing model selection, priority should be given to it. Mainly used in hydraulic generators, crane hooks, and so on.
The roller of cylindrical roller bearings is usually guided by two baffles of one bearing ring and a retainer. This bearing is easy to install and disassemble, especially when the inner, outer ring and shaft are required. Such bearings are generally used only for radial loads, with only inner and single row bearings with inner and outer rings with baffles, which can bear small steady axial loads or large intermittent axial loads. It is mainly used for the large motor, machine tool spindle, axle box, diesel engine crankshaft, automobile, bearing, and so on
The tapered roller bearings are mainly used for bearing radial and axial combined loads, while the large-tapered tapered roller bearings can be used to bear radial and axial combined loads. This bearing is a separated type bearing, and its inner ring (including tapered roller and retainer) and outer ring can be installed separately. The longitudinal clearance and axial clearance of the bearing can be adjusted during installation and use. The bearing can also be preloaded and installed on the rear axle hub of the car, the spindle of a large machine tool, the high-power reducer, the axle bearing box, and the roller of the conveying device.
10. Outer ball bearing with seat
The outer ball bearing of the belt seat consists of an outer ball bearing with sealing on both sides and a cast (or steel stamped) bearing seat. The inner structure of the outer ball bearing is the same as that of the deep groove ball bearing, but the inner ring of this bearing is wider than the outer ring. Usually, there is a gap between the inner bore of the bearing and the shaft. The inner ring of the bearing is fixed on the shaft with the top wire, eccentric sleeve, or tight sleeve and rotates with the shaft. Bearing with compact structure, easy loading, and unloading, perfect sealing, suitable for simple supporting, often used in mining, metallurgy, agriculture, chemical industry, textile, dyeing, conveying machinery, etc.